Which of the following is a key risk factor for diabetic foot ulcers?

• A. Peripheral neuropathy reduces protective sensation
• B. Glycemic control
• C. Daily foot inspections
• D. Offloading and proper footwear

Answer: (A)

Loss of protective sensation from peripheral neuropathy is a key risk factor for diabetic foot ulcers because when sensation is diminished, even minor injuries or repetitive rubbing from footwear go unnoticed and untreated. This allows small wounds to worsen, especially under repetitive pressure points, and impaired healing common in diabetes facilitates ulcer development. Neuropathy can also cause motor changes that deform the foot, creating high-pressure areas, and autonomic changes that dry and crack the skin, providing an entry for infection.

Glycemic control, daily foot inspections, and proper footwear are important protective measures that help prevent ulcers, rather than serving as risk factors themselves.