What are the primary functions of the subcutaneous layer?

• A. Generating new skin cells
• B. Energy storage, body insulation, and cushioning organs
• C. Excreting sweat
• D. Producing skin pigments

Answer: (B)

The subcutaneous layer acts as the body’s fat storage area, providing energy reserves, insulation to help regulate temperature, and cushioning to protect underlying tissues and organs. This layer is made mainly of adipose tissue and loose connective tissue beneath the dermis, which together store fat, trap heat, and absorb shocks. Other skin functions—producing new skin cells, sweating, and producing pigment—occur in other layers: new skin cells are produced in the epidermis, sweat is released by glands in the dermis, and pigment is produced by melanocytes in the epidermis.